![]() ![]() ![]() The frankly Rubicon narrated by Suetonius A year and a half after crossing the Rubicon, he will defeat Pompey in Greece at the Battle of Pharsale. In March, he passed a law giving Roman citizenship to Cisalpins, gaining their favor and then went to Spain.Ĭaesar will submit the whole of Italy in less than nine weeks. The January 23, Pompey and part of the Senate fled to Greece, leaving the treasure in Rome, found by Caesar and made available to him. This decision marks the beginning of the showdown with Pompey and his supporters. Violating the law, he launches a mortal challenge to the Senate that runs the Republic. Taking an irreversible decision, fraught with consequences and a big risk, he will pronounce the famous phrase " Alea jacta est " (the die is cast). AD to cross the Rubicon with part of his army. As Cicero wrote, whatever the outcome, he believed it would result in personal power and the end of the Roman Republic.Īfter final fruitless negotiations, Caesar decides January 11, 49 BC. The conflict is actually a power struggle between Caesar and Pompey. Caesar asks for an extension of his command which is refused to him the Pompeians invoking respect for legality, Caesar emphasizing the protection of his dignity and the freedom of the people. C., Pompée convinces the Senate to launch a Senatufconfultum against Caesar, ordering the latter to take leave of his army. He crushed the Gauls and conquered all of Gaul, which gives him a strong legitimacy. It enjoys the support of senators (including speaker Cicero).Ĭalling themselves "Princeps" or first of the citizens, Pompey does not dare to intervene with his troops inside Rome to impose his wills in the Senate and to put an end to the fights of factions. AD against the Parthians and Pompey obtained the title of consul. Of the first triumvirate constituted ten years earlier by Caesar, Pompey and Crassus to put an end to the civil wars, Crassus was killed in action in 53 BC. In 51 BC, the Roman Republic is at worst. The Rome law forbade anyone to cross this river with an army, except with the express authorization of the Senate.
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